اثر پلی وینیل کلراید و کادمیوم بر وضعیت تغذیه‌ای و شاخص تحمل گیاهچه‌ های ارزن دم‌روباهی (.Setaria italica L) تحت تأثیر قارچ همزیست

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اگروتکنولوژی- فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

چکیده

استفاده گسترده از محصولات پلاستیکی و صنعتی شدن یک نگرانی جهانی در مورد میکروپلاستیک‌ها و ترکیب آنان با فلزات سنگین در اراضی کشاورزی ایجاد کرده است. با توجه به نقش مهم عناصر غذایی در رشد گیاه، حضور میکروپلاستیک‌ها در اراضی آلوده به کادمیوم می‌تواند منجر به اختلال در جذب، انتقال و تجمع آن‌ها در اندام گیاه شود. از طرفی دیگر، قارچ‌های همزیست با بهبود جذب عناصر غذایی و حفظ رشد به گیاه میزبان در تحمل تنش‌های محیطی -کمک می‌کنند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر قارچ همزیست Serendipita indicaبر جذب، انتقال و تجمع عناصر مهم مغذی در گیاه ارزن دم روباهی تحت تنش کادمیوم و آلودگی میکروپلاستیک پلی وینیل کلراید انجام شد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی شامل چهار سطح کادمیوم (0، 2.5، 5 و 10 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک)، سه سطح میکروپلاستیک پلی وینیل کلراید (0، 0.1 و 1 درصد)، در دو سطح همزیستی و عدم همزیستی با قارچ مذکور به صورت گلدانی انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش کادمیوم در خاک محتوای عناصر سدیم، پتاسیم، منیزیم، کلسیم، مس، روی و منگنز در اندام هوایی و ریشه کاهش می‌یابد. همچنین محتوای آهن در اندام هوایی کاهش ولی در ریشه افزایش یافت. به دنبال تنش کادمیوم وزن خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی و شاخص تحمل فلز کاهش یافته که در نهایت منجر به افزایش نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی شد. میکروپلاستیک پلی وینیل کلراید باعث افزایش تحمل گیاه به فلز سنگین، محتوای برخی عناصر و رشد گیاهچه‌ها تحت تنش کادمیوم شد. همزیستی با قارچ S. indica جذب عناصر ضروری برای رشد مطلوب گیاه در شرایط سمیت کادمیوم و در حضور میکروپلاستیک را افزایش داد. این موضوع نشان دهنده نقش مفید قارچ مذکور در تعدیل تنش‌ کادمیوم و آلایندگی میکروپلاستیک پلی وینیل کلراید در گیاه ارزن دم روباهی می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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