استفاده از سدیم نیتروپروساید برای افزایش تحمل گندم در تنش کم آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران

چکیده

ارائه روش های مناسب برای افزایش تحمل گیاه در شرایط تنش حائز اهمیت فراوان است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر سدیم نیتروپروساید بر پیام‌رسانی نیتریک‌اکساید و تحریک دفاع آنتی‌اکسیدانی به‌منظور افزایش تحمل تنش کم آبی در گیاه گندم رقم گاسکوژن حساس به تنش کم آبی به صورت طرح کاملا تصادفی با تیمارهای کنترل، کم آبی، و نیتروپروساید، در آزمایشگاه زیست شناسی دانشگاه پیام نور مرکز خوی در سال 1400 انجام شد. پس از جوانه‌زنی بذرها، دانه‌رست‌ها به گلدان حاوی پرلیت منتقل شده و قبل از شروع تنش کم آبی با 2/0 میلی‌مولار سدیم نیتروپروساید و محلول هوگلند 100 درصد پیش‌تیمار شدند. ویژگی های مرفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاهچه ها بررسی گردیدند. آنالیز واریانس مشخص نمود که اثرات تیمارهای آزمایش برپارامترهای گیاه معنی داربود. تیمار سدیم نیتروپروساید باعث افزایش زودهنگام سطح نیتریک‌اکساید در روز دوم شد، در حالی که اوج غلظت نیتریک‌اکساید در سایر تیمارها (کنترل و کم آبی) در روز سوم مشاهده گردید. وزن تر و رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی با پیش‌تیمار سدیم نیتروپروساید نسبت به تنش کم آبی بدون پیش تیمار، افزایش معنی‌دار داشتند. میزان پراکسیدهیدروژن و شاخص پراکسیداسیون چربی‌های غشایی در نتیجه‌ی افزایش فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان در تیمارهای سدیم نیتروپروساید به‌طور معنی‌دار کاهش یافت. نتایج کلی نشان داد که تیمار گیاه گندم رقم گاسکوژن با سدیم نیتروپروساید و نیز تیمار توأم سدیم نیتروپروساید با تنش کم آبی، با افزایش زودهنگام سطح نیتریک‌اکساید، پیام‌رسانی، فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان و تحریک زودهنگام دفاع آنتی‌اکسیدان، باعث درک زودهنگام، پاسخ سریع‌تر به تنش کم آبی و افزایش تحمل تنش در این گیاه شد. استفاده از مولکول نیتروپروساید برای افزایش تحمل گونه های حساس به کم آبی گندم درشرایط تنش پیشنهاد می گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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