نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران
2 استاد تمام گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران
3 دانش‌آموخته دکتری گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران
چکیده
به‌منظور ارزیابی کاربرد برگی ﮐﻮد اوره روی ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰای ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﺎﻣﻠﯿﻨﺎ در رژیم‌های ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ آبیاری، این آزمایش به صورت کرت‌های خرد شده، در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. عوامل بررسی شده شامل رژیم‌های آبیاری (آبیاری مطلوب، تنش آبی ملایم، تنش آبی متوسط و تنش آبی شدید به ترتیب آبیاری بعد از تخلیه 20، 40، 60 و 80 درصد آب قابل استفاده) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و عامل فرعی شامل کاربرد کود نیتروژن از منبع اوره به صورت محلول‌پاشی در شش سطح (1%، 2%، 3%، 4% و محلول‌پاشی آب مقطر و عدم محلول‌پاشی) بود. نتایج این پژوهش مشخص کرد که ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد کاه در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب بیشترین مقادیر را نشان دادند، در حالی که در شرایط تنش آبی ملایم، متوسط و شدید، این مقادیر کاهش یافت. در شرایط تنش آبی ملایم، متوسط و شدید، به ترتیب 10.00، 15.00 و 17.50 درصد کاهش وزن هزار دانه نسبت به آبیاری مطلوب مشاهده شد. عملکرد دانه در شرایط تنش آبیاری ملایم، متوسط و شدید نسبت به شاهد (آبیاری مطلوب) به ترتیب 12.83، 29.05 و 47.52 درصد کاهش داشت. همچنین، محلول‌پاشی 2 درصد اوره بالاترین عملکرد کاه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه را ثبت کرد. از طرفی، محلول‌پاشی اوره 1، 2، 3 و 4 درصد نسبت به شاهد (عدم محلول‌پاشی) به ترتیب 18.23، 27.95، 16.30 و 11.74 درصد عملکرد دانه را افزایش داد. در شرایط تنش آبی ملایم، متوسط و شدید، کلروفیل کل نسبت به آبیاری مطلوب به ترتیب 19.10، 40.21 و 52.71 درصد نسبت کاهش یافت. نتایج نشان داد که محلول‌پاشی اوره می‌تواند بهبودهای قابل توجهی در خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک، عملکردی کاملینا ایجاد کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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