نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
2 استادیار گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
3 استاد گروه اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
چکیده
رشد گیاه نخود به‌شدت تحت تأثیر تنش شوری قرار می‌گیرد و عملکرد آن به‌طور محسوسی کاهش می‌یابد. ازاین‌رو شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل نخود کمک قابل‌توجهی در بهبود مقاومت گیاه و افزایش عملکرد در شرایط تنش می‌کند. این پژوهش در سال 1400-1399 باهدف مطالعه تحمل شوری ژنوتیپ‌های نخود به‌صورت آزمایش کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در شرایط مزرعه انجام شد. تنش شوری در دو سطح 6 و 9 دسی زیمنس بر متر و 0.5 دسی زیمنس بر متر (شاهد) به‌عنوان کرت اصلی و 9 ژنوتیپ نخود به‌عنوان کرت فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. در ژنوتیپ‌های MCC52، MCC65، MCC77 و MCC92 تنش شوری محتوای رنگ‌دانه‌های گیاه را کاهش داد. افزایش مهار فعالیت رادیکال آزاد DPPH در ژنوتیپ‌های MCC12، MCC27، MCC28، MCC72، MCC92 و MCC108 در تنش شوری dS.m-1 9 مشاهده شد. فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در شوری dS.m-1 6 در اکثر ژنوتیپ‌های موردمطالعه افزایش و با افزایش سطح تنش به dS.m-1 9 کاهش یافت. بیشترین فعالیت آنزیم آسکوربات پراکسیداز نیز در شوری dS.m-1 6 در ژنوتیپ MCC29 مشاهده گردید. اعمال تنش شوری در سطح dS.m-1 9 محتوای سدیم در تمامی ژنوتیپ‌ها را افزایش داد. در بیش از 65 درصد ژنوتیپ‌های نخود اعمال تنش شوری dS.m-1 6، منجر به افزایش محتوای پتاسیم در گیاه شد، بااین‌حال تنش شوری dS.m-1 9 محتوای پتاسیم برگ را کاهش داد. وزن خشک گیاه در بالاترین سطح تنش در ژنوتیپ MCC72، 25% و در ژنوتیپ MCC108 بیشتر از سه برابر در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد افزایش یافت. در ژنوتیپ MCC108 نیز اعمال بالاترین سطح تنش وزن دانه در گیاه را تقریباً 73% درصد در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد افزایش داد. به‌طورکلی ازنظر تحمل شوری بین ژنوتیپ‌های نخود موردمطالعه تنوع بالایی وجود داشت که به نظر می‌رسد استفاده از آن‌ها در اصلاح تحمل تنش شوری گیاه نخود سودمند باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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