نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه آگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3 گروه آگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربت مدرس ، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلزا همانند بسیاری از گیاهان زراعی تحت تأثیر تنش خشکی قرار می‌گیرد. هدف تحقیق مطالعه پاسخ خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی کلزا رقم نیما به محلول پاشی اسید های آمینه در شرایط تنش خشکی است. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل رژیمهای آبیاری در سه سطح (آبیاری کامل، قطع آبیاری از مرحله 50 درصدگل‌دهی و قطع آبیاری از مرحله خورجین‌دهی) و محلول‌پاشی در پنج سطح (بدون محلول‌پاشی، محلول‌پاشی صفر (آب مقطر)، یک، دو و سه گرم اسیدهای آمینه تجاری پروآمین در لیتر ) در سه مرحله طویل شدن ساقه، مرحله ظهور گل‌آذین و مرحله گلدهی بود. نتایج نشان داد برهمکنش تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی روی درصد و عملکرد روغن، کلروفیل کل، آنتوسیانین، فلاونوئید، پرولین، فنل کل، شاخص سطح برگ، SPAD و عملکرد بیولوژیک تأثیر معنی‌داری گذاشت. بیشترین شاخص سطح برگ (52/3)، عملکرد بیولوژیک (25955 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد دانه (4514 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و درصد روغن (3/43%) در شرایط آبیاری کامل و محلول‌پاشی دو گرم اسیدآمینه در لیتر بدست آمد. همچنین، بیشترین مقدار آنتوسیانین (093/0 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تر برگ)، فلاونوئید (64/1 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تر برگ) و پرولین (2/238 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تر برگ) در شرایط قطع آبیاری از مرحله گلدهی و محلول‌پاشی دو گرم اسیدهای آمینه در لیتر بدست آمد. همچنین، کاربرد دو گرم اسید آمینه در لیتر بیشترین عملکرد روغن (1925 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را تولید کرد. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق تأثیر مثبت کاربرد برگی اسیدهای آمینه، روی صفات بیوشیمایی و عملکرد دانه و روغن با محلول‌پاشی دو گرم اسیدآمینه در لیتر در هر سه رژیم آبیاری (آبیاری کامل، قطع آبیاری از مرحله گلدهی و قطع آبیاری از مرحله خورجین‌دهی) مشاهده شد. لذا محلول‌پاشی دو گرم اسیدآمینه در لیتر برای افزایش عملکرد روغن و دانه در زراعت کلزا توصیه میشود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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