نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان
2 استاد گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان
3 دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان
چکیده
دما به عنوان یکی از عوامل محیطی اصلی برای محدودیت در پراکنش، بهره‌وری و بقای گیاهان محسوب می‌شود. به منظور ارزیابی اثر دمای پایین در مرحله نشاء، بر رشد و عملکرد و همچنین کیفیت میوه عروسک پشت پرده (.Physalis peruviana L) آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمار تنش سرمایی به مدت 48 ساعت در دمای 1±4 درجه سانتی‌گراد در مرحله نشاء در سردخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه زنجان و تیمار شاهد فاقد تنش سرمایی بود. تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی شامل اسیدهای آمینه فنیل‌آلانین (0.75، 1.5 و 2.5 میلی‌مولار)، سیستئین (0.5 و 1 و 1.5 میلی‌مولار)، سلنیوم (0.5، 0.75 و 1 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سلنات سدیم) به همراه شاهد بود. نتایج نشان داد که تنش دمای پایین محتوای رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی، کارتنوئید و میوه اسید قابل تیتراسیون را کاهش داد و باعث افزایش مواد جامد محلول کل میوه شد، ولی بر عملکرد و محتوای ویتامین ث و فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی میوه تاثیری نداشت. کاربرد برگی فنیل‌آلانین، سیستئین و سلنیوم به‌طور معنی-داری عملکرد و شاخص‌های کیفی میوه را در گیاهان تحت تنش سرما و فاقد تنش افزایش دادند. بیشترین عملکرد (11419.14 کیلوگرم در هکتار) با کاربرد 0.5 میلی‌مولار سیستئین در گیاهان تحت تنش دمای پایین به دست آمد. حداکثر مقدار ویتامین ث (56.8 و 56.2 میلی‌گرم در 100 گرم وزن‌تر) به ترتیب با کاربرد فنیل‌آلانین 1.5 و 0.75 میلی‌مولار در گیاهان تحت شرایط رشد نرمال بدست آمد. بیشترین فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی میوه (56.9 درصد) با کاربرد فنیل‌آلانین 0.75 میلی‌مولار در گیاهان فاقد تنش سرما نسبت به سایر تیمارها و گیاهان تحت تنش مشاهده شد. بنابراین کاربرد این ترکیبات بخصوص فنیل‌آلانین 1.5 میلی‌مولار، سیستئین 0.5 میلی‌مولار یا سلنیوم 1 میلی‌گرم در لیتر در جهت بهبود عملکرد و کیفیت میوه عروسک پشت پرده در شرایط تنش دمای پایین و یا غیر تنش پیشنهاد می‌گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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