نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند
2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند
3 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان
چکیده
به‌‌منظور بررسی اثر تنش رطوبتی بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام گلرنگ، آزمایشی به‌‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان اجرا گردید. تنش رطوبتی در سه سطح شامل 100، 60 و 40 درصد نیاز آبی گیاه در کرت‌های اصلی و عامل فرعی شش رقم ایرانی گلرنگ شامل فرامان، گلدشت، گل‌مهر، پرنیان، پدیده و سینا بودند. بر اساس نتایج آزمایش تیمار 40 درصد نیاز آبی گلرنگ اثر کاهشی معنی‌داری نسبت به سایر تیمارهای تنش رطوبتی بر روی صفات مورد مطالعه در همه ارقام مورد بررسی داشت. تجزیه داده‌های به‌دست آمده نشان داد که تنش رطوبتی بر تعداد شاخه‌های جانبی مؤثر نبود ولی سبب کاهش معنی‌دار ارتفاع بوته، تعداد غوزه در بوته، تعداد دانه در غوزه، قطر غوزه، وزن هزار دانه، درصد روغن دانه، عملکرد روغن و عملکرد دانه گردید. مقایسه میانگین داده‌ها نشان داد که بین ارقام گلرنگ از نظر همه صفات مورد بررسی تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت. بیشترین مقادیر میانگین وزن هزار دانه (37.2گرم)، عملکرد روغن (461.8 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد دانه (1592.6 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در رقم فرامان مشاهده شد. اثرات برهمکنش بین تنش رطوبتی و رقم به‌طور معنی‌داری روی صفات تعداد غوزه در بوته، تعداد شاخه‌های جانبی، عملکرد روغن و عملکرد دانه تأثیرگذار بود. با این وجود رقم فرامان نسبت به سایر ارقام مورد بررسی دارای پتانسیل عملکرد دانه بیشتری در شرایط تنش رطوبتی بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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