Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Forms

Paper Preparation Guide

The Effect of elicitors on some physiological vharacteristics, essential oil percentage and yield in hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) under different irrigation regimes

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 MSc. Student, Department of Crop Productions, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of crop productions, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran

Abstract

Introduction
Drought stress is the most important environmental factor limiting the growth and development of plants worldwide, so drought effect is much more than other environmental stresses. The results of various studies show that drought stress will significantly reduce dry matter production of plant and some other agronomic traits such as yield and yield components. Elicitors are compounds of biological or non-biological origin that cause biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites through induction of the Defense system. One of the newest of these compounds that can reduce the effects of drought stress is chitosan, it is a non-toxic polymer, it is degradable in nature and environmentally friendly. Salicylic acid is a natural hormone-like compound that regulates endogenous plant growth as a messenger molecule, it regulates numerous physiological processes in plants such as growth, photosynthesis, and some metabolic processes. Use of salicylic acid under drought stress enhances some physiological processes that can increase plant resistance to drought stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of using elicitors under drought stress on some physiological characteristics and yield of hyssop essential oil.
 
Materials and methods
The study was conducted at the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, with 55° 12′ longitude and 37° 16′ north latitudes and 45 m altitude from sea in winter and spring in the crop year 2018-2017. Gonbad-Kavus climate is classified as warm and semi-arid by Mediterranean climate and has an average annual rainfall of 450 mm. The experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The factors studied in this irrigation were three levels including 7-day irrigation (I1), 14-day irrigation (I2) and 21-day irrigation (I3) as main factors and four levels of spraying including no use of elicitors (control treatment). Spraying solution with pure water), spraying solution of salicylic acid (300 mg/L), chitosan spraying solution (5 g/L) and combination of salicylic acid and chitosan were considered as sub-agents. After application of spraying treatments, to evaluate the effect of elicitors on relative leaf water content, saturation water deficiency, antioxidant enzyme activity, yield and essential oil yield samples were transferred to the laboratory.
 
 
Results and discussion
The results showed that the lowest relative humidity (48.39%) and the highest saturated water deficit (51.60%) were related to severe stress conditions (21 days’ irrigation) without using elicitors that Salicylic acid increased 30.54% relative water content of plant leaves and 28.64% reduced saturated water deficit compared to non-consumed treatments. Concerning antioxidant enzymes, the results showed that the highest amount of catalase activity was related to treatment with salicylic acid and chitosan under 14-day irrigation, which resulted in a 20% increase in this enzyme. Also, the combination of two substances increased the activity of ascorbate peroxidase in control and mild (14 days) stress. Yield and essential oil percentage were not affected by interaction, but it was observed that the simple effect of spray increased this rate in this plant. Due to dry climatic conditions in the country and lack of rainfall with poor irrigation, better performance of this medicinal plant can be achieved and water loss can be prevented.
Conclusion
Environmental stresses are the most important factors in decreasing crop yield worldwide. Spray of salicylic acid and chitosan reduced the adverse effects of drought stress on plant and improved antioxidant activity, yield and essential oil content of hyssop.

Keywords

References
 
Ahmad, P., Prasad, M.N.V., 2012. Abiotic Stress: Responses in Plants: Metabolism, Productivity and Sustainability. New York, Springer.
Alizadeh, A., 2008. Water, soil and plant relationships. Astan Quds Publications. 480p. [In Persian].
Amin, B., Mahleghah, G., Mahmood, H.M.R., 2008. Evaluation of interaction effect of drought stress with ascorbate and salicylic acid on some of physiological and biochemical parameters in okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.). 4, 380–387. Second National Conference on Cell and Molecular Biology, January 29 and 30, 2008, International Center for Science and Technology Development and Environmental Sciences, Kerman, Iran. [In Persian].
Amiri, A., Esmaeilzadeh Bahabadi, S., Yadollahi deh cheshmeh, P., Sirus Mehr, A., 2018. The role of salicylic acid and chitosan foliar applications ‎under drought stress condition on some physiological traits ‎and oil yield of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 41, 69-84. [In Persian with English Summary].
Amiri, A., Esmaeilzadeh Bahabadi, S., Sirus Mehr, A.R., 2013. The effect of chitosan spraying on crop yield under drought stress. First National Conference of Agricultural Engineering and Natural Resources, Hamedan. [In Persian].
Amiri, A., Sirousmehr, A., Yadollahi, P., Asgharipour, M., Esmaeilzadeh Bahabadi, S., 2016. Effect of drought stress and spraying of salicylic acid and chitosan on photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzymes in safflower. Agricultural Crop Management. 18, 453-466. [In Persian with English Summary].
Ashraf, M., 1989. The effect of NaCl on water relation, chlorophyll, protein and proline contents of two cultivars of black gram (Vigna mungo L.). Plant and Soil. 119(2), 205-210.
Aziz, E.E., Hendawi, S.T., Azza, E.E., Omar, E.A., 2008. Effect of oil type and irrigation intervals on plant growth, essential oil yield and constituents of thymus vulgaris plant. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. 4, 443-450.
Bahreini nejad, B., Razmjoo, J., Mirza, M., 2014. Effect of water stress on productivity and essential environment: A review Journal of Experimental Botany. 68, 14-25.
Baninasab, B., Baghbanha, MR., 2013. Influence of salicylic acid pre-tretment on emetgence and early seeding growth of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under salt stress. International Journal of Plant Production. 7, 1-20.
Cheng, X., Zhou, U., Cui, X., 2006. Improvement of phenylethanoid glycosides biosynthesis in Cistanche deserticola cell suspension cultures by chitosan elicitor. Biotechnology Journal. 121, 253–260.
Dehghan Pour, H., Dehghanzadeh, H., 2013. Investigating the economic and social factors affecting the use of medicinal plants in Yazd from the people's point of view. Iranian Journal of Medicinal Plants and Herbs Research. 30, 67-57. [In Persian with English Summary].
Emami Bistgani, Z., Siadat, S., Bakhshandeh, A., Ghasemi Pirbaloti, A., 2015. Effects of chemical and organic fertilizers and chitosan on physiological traits and phenolic compound amounts in thyme (Thymus deanensis Celak) in Shahrekord region. Journal of Crop Production Research. 7(1), 11- 26. [In Persian with English Summary].
Emami Bistgani, Z., Siadat, S.A., Bakhshandeh, A., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A., Hashemi, M., 2017. Interactive effects of drought stress and chitosan application on physiological characteristics and essential oil yield of Thymus daenensis Celak. The Crop Journal. 5(5), 407-415.
Guan, Y.J., Hu, J., Wang, X.J., Shao, C.X., 2009. Seed priming with chitosan improves maize germination and seedling growth in relation to physiological changes under low temperature stress. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B. 10, 427-433.
Habib Pour, S.S., Naderi, A., Lak, SH., Faraji, H., Majdam, M., 2016. Effects of salicylic acid on yield and some physiological characteristics of sweet corn hybrids in water difficient condition. Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 1(2), 1-15. [In Persian with English Summary].
Hayat, Q., Hayat, S., Irfan, M., Ahmad, A., 2010. Effect of exogenous salicylic acid under changing environment. A review Environmental and Experimental Botany. 68, 14-25.
Hayat, S., Hasan, S.A., Fariduddin, Q., Ahmad, A., 2008. Growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) in response to salicylic acid under water stress. Journal of Plant Interactions. 3(4), 297–304.
Jabbari, H., Akbari, GH.A., Azam Khosh Kholgh Sima, N., Shirani Rad, A., Alahdadi, I., Tajodini, F., 2015. Study of agronomical, physiological and qualitative characteristics of canola (Brassica napus) under water stress. Environmental stresses in crop sciences. 8(1), 35-49.
Jami, N., Mousavi Nik, S.M., Naghizadeh, M., 2016. The effect of drought stress and foliar application with salicylic acid on qualitative and quantitative yield of Black cumin under Kerman climatic conditions. Journal of Crop Improvment. 17(3), 827-840. [In Persian].
Kabiri, R., 2012. Investigation of Salicylic Acid Pre-treatment Effect on Reduction of Drought-Induced Oxidative Stress in Hydroponic Culture of Black Seed. Masters. Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. Master's Thesis. [In Persian].
Kadioglu, A., Saruhan, N., Saglam, A., Terzi, R., Acet, T.E., 2011. Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates effects of long term drought stress and delays leaf rolling by inducing antioxidant system. Plant Growth Regulation. 64, 27-37.
Khan, M.A., Iqba, M., 2011. Breeding for drought tolerance in wheat constraints and future prospects. Frontiers of Agriculture in China. 5, 31-34.
Mahdavi, B., Modarres Sanavy, S.A.M., Aghaalikhani, M., Sharifi, M., 2011. Effect of water stress and chitosan on germination and proline of seedling in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Journal of Crop Improvement. 25, 728-741. [In Persian with English Summary].
Mohtashami, F., Pour Yousef, M., Andalibi, B., SHekari, F., 2015. Effects of seed priming and foliar application of salicylic acid on yield and essence of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) under drought stress condition. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 31, 841-852. [In Persian with English Summary].
 Najafpour-navayi, M., Mirza, M., 2003. Comparison of chemical components of (Hyssopus officinalis L.) esentialo oil in vitro and in natural habitat. Iranian Journal of Medical and Aromatic Plants. 18, 41-53. [In Persian with English Summary].
Niacan, M., Zanganeh, A., 2014. Effect of drought stress and salicylic acid on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in fenugreek. Journal of plant environmental physiology. 33(9), 38-45. [In Persian with English Summary].
 Pasandy pour, A., Farahbakhsh, H., Safari, M., Keramat, B., 2013. The effect of salicylic acid on some physiological reactions of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) under salinity stress. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 2, 215-228. [In Persian with English Summary].
 Pirzad, A., Fayyaz Moghaddam, A., Razban M., Raei, Y., 2012. The evaluation of dried flower and essential oil and harvest index of Matricaria chamomilla L. under varying irrigation regimes and amounts of super absorption polymer (A200). Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science. 22, 85-99. [In Persian with English Summary].
 Ramroudi, M., Khamar, A.R., 2013. Interaction of salicylic acid spraying and irrigation treatments on some properties of quantitative, qualitative and basil osmotic regulator. Journal of Applied Research of plant EcoPhysiology. 1(1), 19- 32. [In Persian with English Summary].
 Raskin, I., 1992. Role of salicylic acid in plants. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 43, 439-463.
 Rezaichianeh, A. and Pirzad, A.R., 2014. Effect of Salicylic Acid on Yield, Component Yield and Essential Oil of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.) under Water Deficit Stress. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 12, 437-427. [In Persian with English Summary].
 Saljooghian Pour, M., Ebrahimi, A., 2014. Investigation of qualitative and quantitative effects of drought and salinity stress on the pennyroyal plant. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 2, 98-104.
 Sani, B., Aliabadi Farahani, H., 2010. Effect of P2O5 on coriander induced by AMF under water deficit stress. Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment. 2(4), 52-58.
 Shabanzadeh, S., Galavi, M., 2011. Effect of micronutrients foliar application and irrigation regimes on agronomic traits and yield of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Journal of Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences. 4, 1-9. In Persian with English Summary].
Sibi, M., 2011. Effect of water stress, zeolite and foliar application of salicylic acid on some of agronomical and physiological traits in spring safflower. M.Sc thesis in Agronomy. Islamic Azad University, Arak. 215p. [In Persian].
 Soleimani, H., Barzegar, M., Sahari, M.A., Naghdi Badi, H., 2011. An investigation on the antioxidant activities of Hyssopus officinalis L. and Echinacea Purpurea L. Plant extracts in oil model system. Journal of Medicinal Plants. 10, 61-72. [In Persian with English Summary].
 Soleimani, N., Mohabati Mobarez, A., Seyed Jafari Olia, M., Atyabi, F., 2015. Investigation of the effect of recombinant Neutrophil activating protein (Hp-NapA) of helicobacter pylori on proliferation and viability by peritoneal macrophage from BALB/c mice. Arak Medical University Journal (AMUJ). 18, 43-50. [In Persian with English Summary].
Taheri, F., Dehmordeh, M., Salari, M., Bagheri, R., 2017. Evaluation of the effect of different levels of chitosan on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in dermatophytes (Carum copticum L.) under drought stress conditions. Iranian Horticultural Science. 48, 575-584. [In Persian with English Summary].
 Veisipoor, A., Majidi, M.M. and Mirlohi, A., 2012. Traits relationship in Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) under normal and water stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research. 42, 745-756. In Persian with English Summary].
 Wesołowska, A., Jadczak, D., Grzeszczuk, M., 2010. Essential oil composition of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) cultivated in north-western Poland. Herba Polonica. 56, 57-65.
Zhao, J., Davis, L.C., Verpoorte. R., 2005. Elicitor signal transduction leading to production of plant secondary metabolites. Biotechnology Advances. 23, 283-333.
 Zheljazkov, V.D., Astatkie, T., Hristov, A.N., 2012. Lavender and hyssop productivity, oil content, and bioactivity as a function of harvest time drying. Industrial Crops and Products. 36, 222-228.
Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences
Volume 14, Issue 2
Open Access Policy
June 2021
Pages 415-424
Files
History
  • Receive Date: 30 September 2019
  • Revise Date: 08 November 2019
  • Accept Date: 10 November 2019
Share
How to cite
Statistics