نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز
2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ، واحد اردبیل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اردبیل
چکیده
به منظور برآورد وراثت‌پذیری و نحوه عمل ژنها در عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد جو تحت تنش شوری، یک تلاقی دی الل 7×7 یکطرفه در سال 1395 در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اردبیل انجام شد.بذور F1 حاصل به همراه والدین در سه شرایط عدم تنش (شاهد) و تنش شوری 8 و 12 دسی زیمنس بر متر در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سال 1396در گلخانه ارزیابی گردیدند. نتایج نشان داد که مدل ژنتیکی ساده افزایشی-غالبیت در توارث صفات مورد مطالعه دخیل می‌باشد. وراثت‌پذیری عمومی صفات بالا بود و بنابراین گزینش بر اساس صفات فوق در گزینش تحمل به شوری گیاه جو می‌تواند مفید واقع شود. نتایج نشان داد در تمام سطوح تنش شوری درجه متوسط غالبیت تمام صفات بزرگتر از 1 بود و صفات توسط اثرات فوق غالبیت کنترل می‌شوند. نتایج نشان داد الل‌های غالب باعث افزایش ارتفاع و الل‌های مغلوب باعث افزایش عملکرد دانه و وزن 100 دانه می‌شوند. در تجزیه گریفینگ، واریانس GCA فقط در 2 صفت معنی‌دار بود و سهم بیشتر اثرات غالبیت در کنترل صفات تایید گردید. وراثت‌پذیری خصوصی صفات پایین بود بنابراین این صفات از طریق گزینش در نسل‌های پیشرفته اصلاحی و بعد از رسیدن به خلوص قابل اصلاح هستند. براساس میزان وراثت پذیری خصوصی می توان ابراز داشت در تنش شوری متوسط (ds/m8) صفات وزن سنبله، تعداد دانه در سنبله و عملکرد بوته و در تنش شوری شدید (ds/m12) صفات وزن سنبله، تعداد پنجه بارور و عملکرد بوته به عنوان صفات مناسب برای گزینش تحمل به شوری در گیاه جو می‌تواند مطرح باشند.
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