Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences

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Effect of foliar application of jasmonic acid and drought stress on yield and some agronomic and physiologic traits of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) cultivars

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph. D. Student, Faculty of Agricultural, Agronomy Department, Jiroft Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jiroft, Iran

2 Agricultural and Horticultural Research Department, South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Jiroft, Iran

3 Soil and Water Research Department, Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kerman, IranOrganization (AREEO), Kerman, Iran.

4 Agricultural and Horticultural Research Department, South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kerman, Iran

Abstract

Introduction
Quinoa plant (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) is a grain- like crop with high nutritional values and resistant to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity stress. Drought stress is one of major stresses, which had the undesirable effects on qualitative and quantitative yield of crops in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. On the other hand, Jasmonate (Jasmonic acid), are a new plant growth regulator that plays an important role in increase the resistance of plants to environmental stresses such as drought stress. That's why this experiment aims to investigate the impact of drought stress and foliar application Jasmonic acid on yield and some agronomic and physiologic characteristics of Quinoa cultivars.
 
Material and methods
This experiment was carried out in split factorial design based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Kerman agricultural research and education center (Joupar station) during 2018. The main factor was included non-stress (normal irrigation) and drought stress (based on 60% and 90% of usable soil moisture discharge) and foliar application of JA in three levels (0, 1 and 2 mg/l) and varieties (Giza1, Titicaca, Q29) as factorial arranged in sub factor. The measured traits were seed yield, inflorescence number in plant, seed 1000 weight, biological yield, plant height, harvest index, relative water content and chlorophyll index.
 
Results and discussion
The results showed that drought stress reduced the seed yield and some agronomic and physiologic traits of Quinoa.  The application of JA, especially concentration of 2 mg/L improved these traits compared to the control treatments. The highest seed yield and biological yield were obtained from interaction of normal irrigation and 2 mg/l JA  and Titicaca cultivar by 3316 and 13265 kg/ha, respectively. The lowest seed yield and biological yield related to interaction of drought stress and non-application of JA and Giza1 cultivar by 1682 and 7733 kg/ha, respectively. The highest plant height was achieved from the interaction of Titicaca cultivar under non-stress conditions and application of 2 mg/l JA by 142.4 cm. The highest chlorophyll leaf index (SPAD index) was observed under non stress conditions and spraying of 1 mg/l JA in Giza1 by 58.8.
 
Conclusions
According to the result of this research, it can be suggested that JA as a growth regulator, can increase seed yield and productivity of quinoa cultivars, especially Titicaca cultivar through the reducing the negative effect of drought stress and improving plant growth

Keywords

References
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Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences
Volume 14, Issue 2
Open Access Policy
June 2021
Pages 403-414
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History
  • Receive Date: 22 July 2019
  • Revise Date: 20 October 2019
  • Accept Date: 21 October 2019
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