Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

FAQ

Peer Review Process

Journal Forms

Paper Preparation Guide

Effects of salicylic acid on yield and nutrient uptake of borage (Borago officinalis L.) under interrupting irrigation conditions

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student of Agronomy, Khouzestan Agricultural science and Natural Resources University, Iran

2 of Plant ProdPlant Production and Genetic, Khouzestan Agricultural science and Natural Resources University

3 Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Khouzestan Agricultural science and Natural Resources University, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Khouzestan Agricultural science and Natural Resources University, Iran

5 Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Khouzestan Agricultural science and Natural Resources University, Iran

Abstract

Introduction
Borage (Borago officinalis L.) is an annual plant and belongs to the Boraginasea family, that afford curative properties. This plant has deep roots and can absorb soil, water and nutrients from the depths of the soil, and is therefore somewhat resistant to drought. Increasing people's tendency toward medicinal plants to treat diseases has conduct to and essential the cultivation of medicinal plants globally and in Iran. Water deficit stress is one of the most important non- biological stresses that reduces water absorption by root system. Water deficit is considered as the most important limiting factor for non-living plant growth and yield that, in addition to a negative effect on yield, causes exacerbates other stresses, in particular the stress of the deficiency of nutrients in the plant. Drought stress is one of the most important limiting factors yield in the world. Today, phenolic compounds and plant growth regulator has been proposed, to reduce the negative effects of stress. Thus, this experiment carried out in order to Effects of salicylic acid on yield and nutrient uptake borage (Borago officinalis L.) under interrupting irrigation conditions.

Materials and methods
A field study was conducted as a split plot arrengement based on randomized complete blocks design (RCB) with four replications at farm at experimental field of Khouzestan Agriculture Science and Natural Resources University, Iran during 2017-2018 cropping season. Three interrupting irrigation (stress at stemming stage, stress at flowering stage, stress at seed fill stage and control) as main plat and four application of salicylic acid including of 0, 69, 138 and 207 mg.L-1 as sub plots comprised experimental treatment. With reach each of these stages, from stem emergence to flowering initiation, from flowering initiation to seed fill interrupting irrigation and from seed fill initiation to beginning seed harvesting interrupting irrigation was carried out. This continued until the end of the physiological stages. Salicylic acid application was carried out during two stages during vegetative period (stem emergence and flowering initiation) simultaneously with applying moisture stress treatment. After applying the respective treatments, traits were measured at full flowering stage. Grain yield, oil percentages, ash contents of flower and leaf, nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium in two parts of the flower and leaf of Borage were measured. Analysis of variance and comparison of means was performed by SAS software and test LSD, 5% level probability .Respectively.
Results and discussion
The result of analysis of variance showed that interrupting irrigation and salicylic acid had significant effect on grain yield, oil percentages, ash contents of flower and leaf ash and nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium in two parts of the flower and leaf. Also interaction effect of interrupting irrigation and salicylic acid on flower ash, potassium flowers, and leaf, phosphorus and sodium flowers was significant. Mean comparison test showed that with interrupting irrigation in stemming and flowering stages, only the concentration of sodium and potassium elements and oil percentages increased significantly. Maximum grain yield in the control treatment was 633.43 kg. ha-1. Foliar application with 207 mg.L-1 salicylic acid increased 50% grain yield. Salicylic acid increased all the traits studied, other than sodium. Consumption of 138 mg.L-1 salicylic acid in interrupting irrigation condition increased 36% of flower ash and 38% of leaf phosphorus, due to non-consumption of salicylic acid and drought stress. The highest amount of potassium of flower and leaf were obtained by application 138 and 207 mg.L-1 salicylic acid in interrupting irrigation stress at flowering stage and maximum flowering sodium without application salicylic acid with interrupting irrigation in this stage.

Conclusion
The results suggested salicylic acid application in borage can increase uptake of macro nutrients required for plant growth and reduce the negative effects of drought stress damage.

Keywords

References
Aghlmand, S., Esmaielpour, B., Abasszadeh Dahaji, P., Soltani Toularoud., A.A., Jalilvand, P., 2016. Effects of mycorrhizal fungi and salicylic acid on growth and physiological parameters of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under water deficit conditions. Journal of Water and Soil Science. 26(1), 66-51. [In Persian with English summary].
Ashori, D., Hosseini, A.N., Safarzadeh, M.N., 2014. Effect of plant density and planting arrangement on yield and yield components of (Echium amoenum Fisch and Mey) in Guilan province. Journal of Horticultural Science. 28(2), 135-143. . [In Persian with English summary].
Ashraf, M., Akram, N.A., Al-Qurainy, F., Flooda, M.R., 2011. Drought tolerance: roles of organic osmolyts, growth, regulators, and mineral nutrients. Advances in Agronomy. 111, 249-296.
Azizabadi, A., Golchin, A., Delavar, M.A., 2014. Effect of potassium and drought stress on growth indices and nutrient concentrations of safflower leaves. Science and Technology of Greenhouse Crops. 5(19), 79-65. . [In Persian with English summary].
Babaei, B., 2011. Effect of cycocel on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Ocimum bosilicus L. under drought stress. MSc dissertation, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Zabol, Iran. [In Persian].
Dastbandan Nejad, S., Saki Nejad, T., Lack, S., 2010. Effect of drought stress and different levels of potassium fertilizer on K+ accumulation in corn. Natural Science. 8(5), 23-27.
Dastborhan, S., Ghassemi-Golezani, K., 2015. Influence of seed priming and water stress on selected physiological traits of borage. Folia Horticulturae. 27(2), 151-159.
Delavari Parizi, M., Baghizadeh, A., Enteshari, Sh., Manouchehri Kalantari, K., 2012. The study of the interactive effects of salicylic acid and salinity stress on induction of oxidative stress and mechanisms of tolerance in Ocimum basilicum L. Journal of Plant Biology. 4(12), 25-36.
Gholinezhad, R., Sirousmehr, A.R., Siahsar, B., Gholinezhad, M., 2016. Effects of drought stress, compost and vermicompost fertilizers on qualitative and quantitative characteristics borago (Borago officinalis). MSc dissertation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Iran. [In Persian].
Girma, K., Holtz, S., Tubana, B., Solie, J., Raun, W., 2010. Nitrogen accumulation in shoots as a function of growth stage of corn and winter wheat. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 33, 165-182.
Grattan, S.R., Grieve, C.M., 1999. Salinity- mineral relations in horticultural crops. Scientia Horticulturae. 78(1), 127-157.
Grinishabankareh, H., Khorasan Nezhad, S., 2017. The Effect of biological fertilizers and salicylic acid on quality and performance of medicinal herbs of anthrax in underwater regimes. Agricultural Landscaping. 19(2), 491-475. [In Persian].
Hassibi, P., 2006. Physiological study of the effect of cold stress on the seedling stage of different rice genotypes. Ph.D. dissertation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ahvaz, Iran. [In Persian].
Heidari, M., 2006. Response of Plants to Environmental Stress. Arass Rayaneh Publication. [In Persian].
Heidari, M., Minaei, A., 2014. Effects of drought stress and humic acid application on flower yield and content of macro-elements in medical plant borage (Borago officinalis L.). Journal of Plant Production Research. 21(1), 167-182. [In Persian with English Summary].
Heshmat, O., Shams, H., Saif Sahandi, M., Rajabian, T., Miransar, M., 2018. Balangu (Lallemantia sp.) growth and physiology under field drought conditions affecting plant medicinal content. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 103, 641-646.
Izadi, Z., Tedin, M.R., 2013. Effect of irrigation on growth and yield of castor oil in salicylic acid and spermine soluble treatments. Process and Plant Function. 3(9), 92-83. [In Persian with English Summary].
Jami, F., Mehraban, A., Ganjali, H.R., 2015. The effect of water shortage and foliar application of salicylic acid on quantitative and qualitative performance of cumin herb. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 8(27), 1-8.
Karami, R., Hadi, H., Tajbakhsh, M., 2016. Forage yield of sorghum under water deficit and foliar application of zinc sulphate and salicylic acid. Journal of Agricultural Knowledge and Sustainable Production. 26(2), 187-169. [In Persian with English Summary].
Marschner, H., 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plant. 2nd edition. Landon. Academic press. Inc.
Mirzaei, M.M., Ghorbani, S., Roozbehani, A., Ghaderi, A., 2016. The effect of application of bio fertilizer on quantity and quality of borage under water deficit stress. Crop Research on the Sides of the Desert. 13(2), 157-172. . [In Persian with English summary].
Naghdibadi, H., Zainali Mobarakeh, Z., Omidi, H., Reza Zadeh, S., 2012. Morphologic, agronomic and phytochemical changes in borage (Borago officinalis L.) as effected by chemical and biofertilizers. Journal of Medicinal Plants. 9, 145-156.
Najafi, S. 2012. Medical plants: Identification and Use. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Publication. 244p. [In Persian].
Nematollahi, E., Jafari, A., Bagheri, A., 2012. Effect of drought stress and salicylic acid on photosynthesis pigments and macronutrients absorption in two sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology. 5(12), 37-51. [In Persian with English Summary].
Noorzad, S., Ahmadian, A., Moghadam, M., 2015. Estimation of proline, chlorophyll index, carbohydrate and nutrient uptake in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under drought stress and fertilization treatments. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 13(1), 131-139. [In Persian].
Padash, A., Ghanbari, A., Asgharipour, M.R., 2016. Effect of salicylic acid on concentration of nutrients, protein and antioxidant enzymes of basil under lead stress. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology. 8(27), 17-32. [In Persian with English Summary].
Page, A.L., Miller, R.H., Keeney, D.R., 1982. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. 2nd edition. 345p.
Raghami, M., Staji, A., Bagheri, A., Ariakia, A., 2016. Effect of salinity and salicylic acid on some morphological specifications of (Solanum melongena var. Taki) in soil culture system. Science and Technology of Greenhouse Crops. 7(2), 87-77. . [In Persian with English summary].
Rasouli, D., Fakher, B., 2016. Effects of drought stress on quantitative and qualitative yield, physiological characteristics and essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum americanum L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 32(5), 900-913. [In Persian with English summary].
Reddy, A.R., Chaitanya, K.V., Vivekananda, M., 2004. Drought induced responses of photosynthesis and antioxidant metabolism in higher plants. Plant Physiology. 161, 1202-1189.
Rouhanipour, A., 2010. Effect of silicon on corn (Zea mays) grown under conditions of salt stress and hydroponic culture. MSc dissertation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ahwaz, Iran. [In Persian].
Sadeghian, F., Ghorbanpour, M., Hadian, J., Hadavi, M., Mohamadi, A., Ghafarzadegan, R., 2018. Effects of exogenous salicylic acid application on growth, metabolic activities and essential oil composition of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad. Journal of Medicinal Plants. 12(47), 70-82.
Samsam Shariat, H., 2007. Extraction and extraction of active ingredients of medicinal plants and their identification and evaluation methods. Mani Publication, Isfahan, Iran. 258p. [In Persian].
Sheikhpour, S., Sirousmehr, A.R., Fakheri, B.R., 2014. Evaluation of chlorophyll content, nutrients and yield of borage (Borago officinalis L.) in responses to chemical and biological fertilizers. Advanced in Crop Science. 2, 131-140.
Shokrani, F., Pirzad, A., Zardoshti, M.R., Darvishzadeh, R., 2012. Effect of biological nitrogen on the harves index of flower and essential oil of (Calendula ofcinalis L.) under end season water defcit condition. The International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences. 3(2), 247-255.
Uquiche, E., Jerez, M., Ortiz, J., 2008. Effect of pretreatment with microwaves on mechanical extraction yield and quality of vegetable oil from Chilean hazelnuts. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies. 9, 495-500.
Wu, Y., Hu, Y., Xu, G., 2008. Interactive effects of potassium and sodium on root growth and expression of K/Na transporter genes in rice. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 57(3), 271-280.
Zahedchekovary, S., Gasemov, N., 2015. Study of some microelements, proline and protein of Brago officilalis L. under drught stress. Crop Biotechnology. 4(11), 65-75. [In Persian with English Summary].
Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences
Volume 13, Issue 2
Open Access Policy
July 2020
Pages 519-531
Files
History
  • Receive Date: 15 November 2018
  • Revise Date: 19 January 2019
  • Accept Date: 28 January 2019
Share
How to cite
Statistics