Short Communication:    Effect of drought stress on seed yield and some morpho-physiological traits of sunflower

Abbasi Seyahjani, Ebrahim; Farhvash, Farhad; Kazemi Arbat, Hamdollah; Khorshidi Benam, Mohammad Bagher

doi:10.22077/escs.2013.125

Short Communication: Effect of drought stress on seed yield and some morpho-physiological traits of sunflower

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Ebrahim Abbasi Seyahjani ¹

Farhad Farhvash ²

Hamdollah Kazemi Arbat ³

Mohammad Bagher Khorshidi Benam ⁴

¹ Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Iran

² Assistant Prof. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. Faculty of Agriculture. Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Iran

³ Assistant Prof., East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Iran

⁴ Prof. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. Faculty of Agriculture. Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Iran

10.22077/escs.2013.125

Abstract

To investigate the effect of water stress on morphological and agronomical characteristics of sunflower (oilseed hybrid Allestar), an experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted with three replications at the Experimental Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch. Water stress was applied as irrigation after five evaporation levels (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mm) from evaporation pan class A. Results showed that, increasing water stress significantly decreased head diameter, number of seeds per head, 100- seed weight, oil percent, harvest index, leaf area index and seed yield. Mean seed yield decreased from 4460, kg ha^-1 in control (50 mm) to 3460, 3200, 2210, and 1810 kg ha^-1 for 100, 150, 200, 250 mm evaporation, respectively. It was also revealed that leaf area index was the most sensitive morphological trait to water deficit and was declined significantly by increased drought stresses. Any delayed irrigation resulted in reduced crop yields through shortened reproduction period, reduced number of seeds produced and inability of assimilate transportation for seed filling.

Keywords

100-Seed Weight

Harvest index

Head diameter

Oil content