نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اگروتکنولوژی (فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی)، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان

2 دانشیار گروه کشاورزی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان

3 دانشیار ﺑﺨﺶ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت زراﻋﯽ و ﺑﺎﻏﯽ، ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت و آﻣﻮزش ﮐﺸﺎورزی و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻠﺴﺘﺎن، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت، آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﯾﺞ ﮐﺸﺎورزی، ﮔﺮﮔﺎن

4 دانشیار و عضو هیئت‌علمی گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

چکیده

به‏منظور ارزیابی اثرات تنش خشکی بر عملکرد دانه و برخی صفات بیوشیمیایی لاین‏های جدید باقلا آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1402-1401 به‌صورت اسپلیت‌پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی گرگان اجرا شد. در این بررسی 9 لاین کم ‏تانن باقلا به همراه دو رقم شاهد مهتا و شادان در دو محیط تنش خشکی و آبیاری نرمال مورد مقایسه و ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس مرکب نشان داد که برهمکنش تنش خشکی × رقم بر صفات کلروفیل b، کلروفیل کل، پرولین، قند محلول، کاروتنوئید، تعداد شاخه در بوته و تعداد غلاف در سطح یک درصد و بر صفات کلروفیل a و وزن خشک دانه در بوته در سطح پنج درصد معنی‏دار بود. مقایسه میانگین برهمکنش تنش خشکی × رقم نشان داد در محیط نرمال رقم شادان و لاین‏های BPL4104،  WRB1-3به ترتیب با 5100، 4950، 4750 کیلوگرم، بیشترین عملکرد دانه را در هکتار داشتند. همچنین در شرایط تنش خشکی لاین‏های FLIP03-07FB، WRB1-3 و رقم شادان به ترتیب به مقدار 500، 473 و 437 کیلوگرم عملکرد دانه بیشتر را در هکتار داشتند. در محیط نرمال به ترتیب رقم شادان به میزان 1.53، 0.46، 2 و 0.58 میلی‏گرم برگرم بیشترین میزان کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b، کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئید را داشتند و لاین FLIP03-07FB با9.47 میکرومول بر میلی ‏لیتر بیشترین پرولین و لاین ‏ S2008,033 به مقدار 16.1 میلی‏ گرم برگرم بیشترین قند محلول را دارا بودند. بیشترین تعداد دانه در غلاف (3.28) در محیط نرمال و کمترین تعداد دانه در غلاف (0.303) در محیط تنش خشکی به‌دست آمد. تنش خشکی در مرحله گلدهی و پر شدن دانه باعث کاهش عملکرد دانه و افزایش مقادیر کاروتنوئید، پرولین و قند محلول در همه ارقام گردید. لاین‏های WRB1-3 و FLIP03-07FB در دو محیط بیشترین عملکرد دانه را داشتند، بنابراین کشت و توسعه آنها پس از حصول پایداری عملکرد دانه پیشنهاد می‎شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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