نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دکتری اصلاح نباتات، استادیار گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، مرکز آموزش عالی اقلید، اقلید
2 دکتری اصلاح نباتات، استادیار بخش تحقیقات نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، شیراز
چکیده
شوری خاک و آب سبب کاهش چشمگیر عملکرد گیاهان زراعی و به خطر افتادن امنیت غذایی انسان در سراسر جهان شده است. درک مبانی مولکولی چگونگی دریافت و پاسخ به شوری برای توسعه گیاهان متحمل از طریق دستورزی های ژنتیکی ضروری است. در این پژوهش، دو کتابخانه 5′ Expressed Sequenced Tags (ESTs) مربوط به گیاه شلغم علوفه ای (Brassica rapa L.) در شرایط بدون تنش و تنش شوری مورد تجزیه های بیوانفورماتیکی و آماری قرار گرفت و طی آن جهت گیری کارکردی ژنوم و شبکه ژنی پاسخ به شوری تعیین گردید. بر اساس تجزیه توپولوژی شبکه ژنی، یک ژن به‌عنوان ژن مهم (Hub gene) شناسایی شد. در ادامه و در یک آزمایش گلخانه ای، با استفاده از یک ژنوتیپ متحمل و یک ژنوتیپ حساس شلغم علوفه ای، نمایه بیان ژن مهم شناسایی شده و تغییرات برخی صفات مرتبط با سیستم آنتی اکسیدانی گیاه، 3 و 12 ساعت پس از تیمار شوری 200 میلی مولار ارزیابی گردید. درنهایت، ارتباط بین تغییرات مشاهده‌شده در بیان ژن، صفات ارزیابی‌شده و تحمل شوری مشخص شد. نتایج نشان داد که فعالیت ژنوم شلغم علوفه ای به شکل معنی داری به سمت پاسخ به القائات و تنشها تغییر کرده است. در بین 344 ژن با بیان افتراقی، ژن کد کننده عامل رونویسی ZAT6 به‌عنوان ژن مهم شبکه ژنی پاسخ به شوری تعیین شد. نمایه بیان این ژن، میزان آنتوسیانین، فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتی‌اکسیدان و محتوای مالون دی آلدهید به شکل معنی داری بین دو ژنوتیپ تفاوت داشت. ژنوتیپ متحمل به شکل معنی داری سطوح بالاتری از بیان ژن ZAT6، میزان بیشتر آنتوسیانین، فعالیت بیشتر آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی و محتوای کمتر مالون دی آلدهید را نشان داد. همچنین ارتباط معنی داری بین سطوح بیان ژن، صفات ارزیابی‌شده و تحمل شوری وجود دارد. در یک نتیجه گیری کلی، به نظر میرسد ژن ZAT6 در تنظیم توان سیستم آنتی اکسیدانی شلغم علوفه ای و به دنبال آن تحمل شوری نقش مهمی بر عهده دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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