نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش ‏آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، ژنتیک و به‌نژادی گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

2 استاد گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

3 دانشیار، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

4 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مغان، اردبیل

چکیده

جغجغک (Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert)، گیاهی یک­ساله از تیره میخکیان است که به دلیل داشتن تری‏ترپنوئیدهای ساپونینی پتانسیل زیادی برای تولید محصولات دارویی دارد. این آزمایش به‌منظور ارزیابی تحمل به تنش خشکی اکوتیپ­های جغجغک به‌صورت کرت­های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام پذیرفت. کرت­های اصلی شامل سه تیمار عدم تنش، تنش ملایم و تنش شدید (به ترتیب دور آبیاری 7، 10 و 14 روز) بود و کرت‌های فرعی به هشت اکوتیپ جغجغک بومی شمال غرب کشور اختصاص داده شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثر رژیم آبیاری، اکوتیپ و اثر متقابل آن‌ها بر عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، شاخص برداشت و شاخص‌های تحمل معنی‏دار بود. ازنظر شاخص­ پایداری عملکرد، شاخص تحمل به خشکی، میانگین هارمونیک، میانگین هندسی و میانگین بهره­وری عملکرد، کمترین مقدار در تنش ملایم و شدید به ترتیب به اکوتیپ­های 7 و 1 مربوط شد و بیشترین مقدار این شاخص­ها در هر دو شرایط به اکوتیپ 6 مربوط شد. برآورد شاخص انتخاب ژنوتیپ ایده‌آل (SIIG) و شاخص فاصله چند متغیره از ژنوتیپ ایده‌آل (MGIDI) برای اکوتیپ‌های مختلف بر اساس کلیه شاخص‌های تحمل نشان داد که اکوتیپ 6 با داشتن بیشترین مقدار SIIG و کمترین مقدار MGIDI در هر دو شرایط تنش، متحمل‌ترین اکوتیپ بود و اکوتیپ‌های 4 و 3 در تنش ملایم و اکوتیپ‌ 3 در تنش شدید در رتبه بعدی قرار داشتند. در شرایط تنش ملایم اکوتیپ‌‌های 7 و 8 و در شرایط تنش شدید اکوتیپ‌‌های 1 و 7 با داشتن کمترین مقدار SIIG و بیشترین مقدار MGIDI حساسیت بالایی به تنش خشکی نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

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